Category:AQA A level Economics

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AQA's A level economics homepage

Contents

Unit 1: Markets and Market Failure

The Economic Problem

The nature and purpose of economic activity, Factors of Production (Economic Resources), Scarcity, Opportunity Cost, The Production Possibility Frontier (PPF), Positive and Normative Economics,


The allocation of resources in competitive markets

The Demand for Goods and Services, The Supply of Goods and Services, The Equilibrium of Demand and Supply, Consumer Surplus, Producer Surplus, Price Elasticity of Demand , Income Elasticity of Demand , Cross Price Elasticity of Demand, Price Elasticity of Supply, Labour Markets, Housing Markets, Exchange rates (Money Markets), Agricultural Markets, Entry and Exit of Firms, Composite demand, derived demand and joint supply,


Monopoly

Introduction to monopoly,


Production and eficiency

Specialisation and the Division of Labour, Production and productivity, Economies of Scale, Introduction to economic efficiency,


Market failure

An Introduction To Market Failure, Externalities, Public Goods, Merit Goods, De-merit Goods, Market imperfections, Inequalities in the distribution of income and wealth,


Government intervention in the market

Rationale for Government intervention, Indirect Taxes, Subsidies, Government Intervention in Markets: Minimum Prices, Government Intervention in Markets: Maximum Prices, Buffer stocks, Pollution permits, State provision and regulation, Subsidies,


Module 2: The National Economy

Performance of the UK economy and Government policy objectives

Indicators of national economic performance, Objectives of government macroeconomic policy, Inflation, Unemployment, Economic growth, Balance of payments, Conflicts Between Macro Economic Objectives,


How the Macroeconomy works

Aggregate demand curve, Aggregate supply, Equilibrium of aggregate demand and supply, Consumption and savings, Investment, Government spending, Exports and Imports,


The main instruments of Government macroeconomic policy

Fiscal policy, Monetary policy, Supply-side policies, Demand management or supply side?.


Module 3: Markets at work

The Housing Market


The environment


The economics of sport and leisure


Module 4: Working as an economist

In addition to the topics listed below you should have an understanding of the topics of the other modules, especially Modules 5 and 6.

The opportunities of the single market, European Monetary Union. The widening of European integration, Regional problems of the EU, The Common Agricultural Policy, EU tax harmonisation, EU economic and social policies, Pan-European unemployment, effects of inflation targeting and interest rate policy, Globalisation, International exchange, Types of trading blocs, Examples of trading blocs, Trade liberalisation, Types of trade protectionism, Reasons for trade protectionism, Trade creation and trade diversion, Sources of possible conflict between trading blocs, EU transport policy, EU environment policy, EU competition policy,


Module 5: Business economics and the distribution of income

Theory of the firm

Short run and long run, Costs, Revenue, Profit, Alternative motives for firms, Divorce of ownership and control, Diminishing Marginal Returns and Economies of scale, Technological Change, Costs and Supply in the Long-run,


Competitive markets

Perfect competition, The dynamics of competition and competitive market processes,


Concentrated markets

Price makers and price takers, Sources of monopoly power, Monopoly, Oligopoly, Price discrimination in monopoly, Consumer Surplus, Producer Surplus, Contestable markets, Comparing efficiency between the market structures,


The labour market

Demand for labour (marginal productivity theory), Supply of labour, Determination of wage rates in competitive markets, Influence of trade unions, Influence of monopsonistic employers, Discrimination in the labour market, Distribution of income and wealth,


Government intervention in the market

Externalities, Government policies - correcting for externalities, Competition policy, Public ownership and privatisation, De-regulation of markets, Regulation of privatised industries, Notions of equity, Problem of poverty, Government policies to alleviate poverty, Government policies to influence distribution of income and wealth, Cost Benefit Analysis (CBA),


Module 6: Government policy, the national and international economy

You will find that there is a cross over between this material and what you have already studied at AS. It is important that you follow the links and learn the material again!


Growth of the economy and cyclical instability

Economic growth, Use and limitations of national income statistics,


Inflation and unemployment

Inflation, Unemployment, Phillips curve,


Managing the national economy

Fiscal policy, Monetary policy, Taxation and public spending, Conflicts Between Macro Economic Objectives,


The international economy

UK trade, Trade with developing economies, The UK’s changing international competitive situation, Comparative and Absolute Advantage, Types of trade protectionism, Reasons for trade protectionism, Trade creation and trade diversion, Balance of payments, Remedies for a balance of payments disequilibrium, Exchange rate systems, What Determines The Value Of An Exchange Rate?, European Monetary Union.


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